The article explains how modern LLMs convert text into token IDs, embeddings, and position-aware vectors before passing them through stacked transformer blocks. It covers attention, multi-head attention, KV cache, GQA, feed-forward networks, MoE, residual streams, normalization, and decoding. Its goal is educational: helping readers understand the common architecture behind many current model families and read model cards or papers more confidently.
In the development process of natural language processing (NLP) and large language models (LLMs), tokenization is the first step in model input and also the…